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Title
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Quantitative high resolution electron microscopy
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Author
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Abstract
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| With the resolution becoming sufficient to reveal individual atoms, HREM is now entering the stage where it can compete with X-ray methods to quantitatively determine atomic structures of materials without much prior knowledge, but with the advantage of being applicable to aperiodic objects such as crystal defects. In our view the future electron microscope will be characterised by a large versatility in experimental settings under computer control such as the illumination conditions (TEM-STEM), CBED, detecting conditions (diffraction, image, ptychography) and many other tunable parameters such as focus (g), voltage, spherical aberration (C-s), beam tilt, etc. Since modem detectors can detect single electrons, also the counting statistics is known. The only limiting factor in the experiment will be the total number of electrons that interact with the object during the experiment due to the limitations in the exposure time or in the object damage. However, instrumental potentialities will never be exploited fully if not guided by an experimental strategy. Here intuitive guidelines can be very deceptive. For instance an image made with the best electron microscope (C-s = 0) at the best focus (g = 0) from the best object (phase object) would show no contrast at all. Hence, questions such as what is the best C-s, focus, object thickness, etc. can only be answered properly if done using a method of experiment design. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Microchimica acta. - Wien, 1966, currens
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Source (book)
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7th Workshop of the European-Microbeam-Analysis-Society (EMAS), MAY 06-10, 2001, TAMPERE, FINLAND
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Publication
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Wien
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Springer
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2002
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ISSN
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0026-3672
[print]
1436-5073
[online]
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DOI
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10.1007/S006040200021
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Volume/pages
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138
:3-4
(2002)
, p. 153-180
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ISI
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000175560100007
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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