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Title
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In vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activity of the aqueous extract, the 80% methanol extract and its fractions from the seeds of **Brucea sumatrana** Roxb. (Simaroubaceae) growing in Democratic Republic of Congo
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Author
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Abstract
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| The in vitro antiprotozoal and cytotoxic activity of the aqueous extract, the 80% methanol extract, and its different soluble fractions and subfractions from Brucea sumatrana seeds were assessed against two Trypanosoma (T. cruzi and T. brucei brucei), Leishmania infantum and chloroquine and pyrimethanine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum and against MRC-5 cell-lines respectively. Results indicated that the 80% methanol extract showed a cytotoxic effect against MRC-5 cell lines with CC50 value of 0.54 μg/ml. It however exhibited pronounced and non selective activity against T. cruzi (IC50 = 1.52 μg/ml, SI = 0.03) and L. infantum (IC50 = 2.41 μg/ml, SI = 0.22). It however displayed pronounced and selective effect against T. brucei brucei (IC50 < 0.25, SI > 2.16) and chloroquine and pyri- methamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (IC50 < 0.25 μg/ml, SI > 2.16). All soluble fractions and subfractions from the partition of the 80% methanol extract were found to exhibit an antiprotozoal activity with IC50 values ranging from <0.25 to 30 μg/ml. The most active was the alkaline aqueous soluble fraction exhibiting pronounced antiprotozoal activity against T. cruzi, T. b. brucei, L. infantum and chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falcipa-rum with IC50 values of 0.33, <0.25, 0.25, <0.25 μg/ml respectively resulting in high selective index values of 61.36, > 81, 81 and >81 respectively. The chloroform soluble fraction rich in alkaloid was cytotoxic against MRC-5 cell lines (CC50 = 27.09 μg/ml) and showed good activity against T. b. brucei (IC50 = 8.36 and SI = 3.24) and moderate activity against T. cruzi, L. infantum and chloroquine-pyrimethane-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (20 < IC50 < 30 μg/ml). Although the aqueous extract (decoction) and the total alkaloids extract showed a cytotoxic effect against MRC-5 cell lines (CC50 = 1.55 and 0.43 μg/ml respectively), they however displayed pronounced antiprotozoal activity against T. cruzi, T. b. brucei and chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum with IC50 values ranging from < 0.25 to 0.6 μg/ml with only a selective action against chloroquine and pyrimethamine-resistant K1 strain of P. falciparum (SI = >6.2 and >1.72 respectively). These extracts however showed good and low activity respectively against L. infantum (IC50 = 24.05 and 6.82 μg/ml respectively). |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Chinese medicine
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Publication
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2012
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DOI
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10.4236/CM.2012.31011
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Volume/pages
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3
(2012)
, p. 65-71
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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