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Title
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Observations on the viability of C6-glioma cells after sonoporation with low-intensity ultrasound and microbubbles
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Author
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Abstract
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| Ultrasound (US) and microbubbles can be used to facilitate cellular uptake of drugs through a cavitation-induced enhancement of cell membrane permeability. The mechanism is, however, still incompletely understood. A direct contact between microbubbles and cell membrane is thought to be essential to create membrane perturbations lasting from seconds to minutes after US exposure of the cells. A recent study showed that the effect may even last up to 8 h after cavitation (with residual permeability up to 24 h after cavitation). In view of possible membrane damage, the purpose of this study was to further investigate the evolution of cell viability in the range of the 24-h temporal window. Furthermore, a description of the functional changes in tumor cells after US exposure was initiated to obtain a better understanding of the mechanism of membrane perturbation after sonication with microbubbles. Our results suggest that US does not reduce cell viability up to 24 h post-exposure. However, a perturbation of the entire cell population exposed to US was observed in terms of enzymatic activity and characteristics of the mitochondrial membrane. Furthermore, we demonstrated that US cavitation induces a transient loss of cell membrane asymmetry, resulting in phosphatidylserine exposure in the outer leaflet of the cell membrane. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics and frequency control / Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. - New York
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Publication
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New York
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2013
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ISSN
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0885-3010
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DOI
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10.1109/TUFFC.2013.2535
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Volume/pages
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60
:1
(2013)
, p. 34-45
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ISI
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000314369700004
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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