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Title
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Cuprizone-induced demyelination and demyelination-associated inflammation result in different proton magnetic resonance metabolite spectra
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Author
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Abstract
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| Conventional MRI is frequently used during the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis but provides only little additional pathological information. Proton MRS (H-1-MRS), however, provides biochemical information on the lesion pathology by visualization of a spectrum of metabolites. In this study we aimed to better understand the changes in metabolite concentrations following demyelination of the white matter. Therefore, we used the cuprizone model, a wellestablished mouse model to mimic type III human multiple sclerosis demyelinating lesions. First, we identified CX(3)CL1/CX(3)CR1 signaling as a major regulator of microglial activity in the cuprizone mouse model. Compared with control groups (heterozygous CX(3)CR1(+/-) C57BL/6 mice and wild type CX3CR1(+/+) C57BL/6 mice), microgliosis, astrogliosis, oligodendrocyte cell death and demyelination were shown to be highly reduced or absent in CX3CR1(-/-) C57BL/6 mice. Second, we show that 1H-MRS metabolite spectra are different when comparing cuprizone-treated CX3CR1(-/-) mice showing mild demyelination with cuprizone-treated CX3CR1(+/+) mice showing severe demyelination and demyelination-associated inflammation. Following cuprizone treatment, CX3CR1(+/+) mice show a decrease in the Glu, tCho and tNAA concentrations as well as an increased Tau concentration. In contrast, following cuprizone treatment CX3CR1(-/-) mice only showed a decrease in tCho and tNAA concentrations. Therefore, H-1-MRS might possibly allow us to discriminate demyelination from demyelination-associated inflammation via changes in Tau and Glu concentration. In addition, the observed decrease in tCho concentration in cuprizoneinduced demyelinating lesions should be further explored as a possible diagnostic tool for the early identification of human MS type III lesions. Copyright (C) 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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NMR in biomedicine. - London
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Publication
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London
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2015
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ISSN
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0952-3480
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DOI
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10.1002/NBM.3277
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Volume/pages
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28
:4
(2015)
, p. 505-513
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ISI
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000351474500009
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Pubmed ID
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25802215
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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