Title
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Effective carbon and nutrient treatment solutions for mixed domestic-industrial wastewater in India
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Author
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Abstract
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The present study evaluates effectiveness of up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor followed by two post-anaerobic treatment options, namely free-surface, up-flow constructed wetland (FUP-CW) and oxygen-limited anaerobic nitrification/denitrification (OLAND) processes in treating sewage from the peri-urban areas in India receiving illegal industrial infiltrations. The UASB studies yielded robust results towards fluctuating strength of sewage and consistently removed 87-98% chemical oxygen demand (COD) at a hydraulic retention time of 1.5-2 d. The FUP-CW removed 68.5 +/- 13% COD, 68 +/- 3% NH4+-N, 38 +/- 5% PO43--P, 97.6 +/- 5% suspended particles and 97 +/- 13% fecal coliforms. Nutrient removal was found to be limiting in FUP-CW, especially in winter. Nitrogen removal in the OLAND process were 100 times higher than the FUP-CW process. Results show that UASB followed by FUP-CW can be an excellent, decentralized sewage treatment option, except during winter when nutrient removal is limited in FUP-CW. Hence, the study proposes bio-augmentation of FUP-CW with OLAND biomass for overall improvement in the performance of UASB followed by FUP-CW process. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Water science and technology. - Oxford
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Publication
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Oxford
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2015
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ISSN
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0273-1223
[print]
1996-9732
[online]
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DOI
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10.2166/WST.2015.254
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Volume/pages
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72
:4
(2015)
, p. 651-657
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ISI
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000359387200019
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Pubmed ID
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26247765
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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