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Title
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Postpartum depression and HIV infection among women in Malawi
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Author
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Abstract
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| Background: HIV-infected women face several risk factors related to postpartum depression (PPD). We aimed to describe the prevalence and cumulative incidence of PPD in the low-income setting of Malawi and to determine the association between maternal and infant HIV and PPD. Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included 156 HIV-uninfected and 373 HIV-infected Malawian women enrolled 10-14 weeks after delivery who returned at 6, 9, 12, 15, and 18 months for follow-up visits. PPD was assessed at all visits. The prevalence of PPD at all visits was estimated using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Association between PPD at 10-14 weeks and maternal and infant HIV status was assessed using log binomial regression. Cumulative incidence of PPD was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves. Results: Prevalence of PPD was highest (11%) at 10-14 weeks postpartum and decreased to 2.9% at 18 months. There was no association between maternal HIV status and PPD (prevalence ratio, 1.18; 95% confidence interval: 0.68 to 2.08). Among HIV-infected women, prevalence of PPD was higher among women whose infants had acquired HIV (prevalence ratio, 2.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.1 to 3.6). The cumulative probability of experiencing PPD over the first 12 months postpartum was estimated to be 33.5% for HIV-infected mothers with HIV-infected infants vs. 22.5% for HIV-infected mothers with uninfected infants and 23.2% for HIV-uninfected mothers. Conclusions: PPD prevalence did not differ between HIV-infected and -uninfected mothers but increased among women with an HIV-infected infant. Our findings suggest that it may be important to monitor PPD among women with HIV-infected infants. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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JAIDS. - Philadelphia, Pa
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Publication
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Philadelphia, Pa
:
2014
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ISSN
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1525-4135
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DOI
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10.1097/QAI.0000000000000050
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Volume/pages
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65
:3
(2014)
, p. 359-365
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ISI
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000335789200027
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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