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Title
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High-throughput fabrication of vascularized spheroids for bioprinting
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Author
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Abstract
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| Overcoming the problem of vascularization remains the main challenge in the field of tissue engineering. As three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting is the rising technique for the fabrication of large tissue constructs, small prevascularized building blocks were generated that can be incorporated throughout a printed construct, answering the need for a microvasculature within the small micron range (<10 μm). Uniform spheroids with an ideal geometry and diameter for bioprinting were formed, using a high-throughput non-adhesive agarose microwell system. Since monoculture spheroids of endothelial cells were unable to remain stable, coculture spheroids combining endothelial cells with fibroblasts and/or adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSC) as supporting cells, were created. When applying the favorable coculture ratio, viable spheroids were obtained and endothelial cells spontaneously formed a capillary-like network and lumina, as shown by immunohistochemistry and transmission electron microscopy. Especially the presence of ADSC led to a higher vascularization and extracellular matrix production of the microtissue. Moreover, spheroids were able to assemble at random in suspension and in a hydrogel, creating a macrotissue. During at random assembly, cells reorganized, creating a branched capillary-network throughout the entire fused construct by inoculating with capillaries of adjacent spheroids. Combining the advantage of this natural capacity of microtissues to self-assemble and the controlled organization by bioprinting technologies, these prevascularized spheroids can be useful as building blocks for the engineering of large vascularized 3D tissues. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Biofabrication. - London, 2009, currens
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Publication
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London
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IOP
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2018
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ISSN
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1758-5082
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DOI
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10.1088/1758-5090/AAC7E6
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Volume/pages
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10
:3
(2018)
, 14 p.
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Article Reference
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035009
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ISI
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000435140000001
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Pubmed ID
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29798932
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Medium
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E-only publicatie
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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