Publication
Title
Concentrations of representative uraemic toxins in a healthy versus non-dialysis chronic kidney disease paediatric population
Author
Abstract
Background. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in childhood is poorly explained by routine markers (e.g. urea and creatinine) and is better depicted in adults by other uraemic toxins. This study describes concentrations of representative uraemic toxins in non-dialysis CKD versus healthy children. Methods. In 50 healthy children and 57 children with CKD Stages 1-5 [median estimated glomerular filtration rate 48 (25th-75th percentile 24-71) mL/min/1.73 m(2); none on dialysis], serum concentrations of small solutes [symmetric and asymmetric dimethyl-arginine (SDMA and ADMA, respectively)], middle molecules [beta 2-microglobuline (beta 2M), complement factor D (CfD)] and protein-bound solutes [p-cresylglucuronide (pCG), hippuric acid (HA), indoleacetic acid (IAA), indoxyl sulphate (IxS), p-cresyl sulphate (pCS) and 3-carboxy-4-methyl-5-propyl-furanpropionic acid (CMPF)] were measured. Concentrations in the CKD group were expressed as z-score relative to controls andmatched for age and gender. Results. SDMA, CfD, b2M, IxS, pCS, IAA, CMPF and HA concentrations were higher in the overall CKD group compared with controls, ranging from 1.7 standard deviations (SD) for IAA and HA to 11.1 SD for SDMA. SDMA, CfD, b2M, IxS and CMPF in CKD Stages 1-2 with concentrations 4.8, 2.8, 4.5, 1.9 and 1.6 SD higher, respectively. In contrast, pCS, pCG and IAA concentrations were only higher than controls from CKD Stages 3-4 onwards, but only in CKD Stage 5 for ADMA and HA (z-score 2.6 and 20.2, respectively). Conclusions. This is the first study to establish reference values for a wide range of uraemic toxins in non-dialysis CKD and healthy children. We observed an accumulation of multiple uraemic toxins, each with a particular retention profile according to the different CKD stages.
Language
English
Source (journal)
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation. - Berlin
Publication
Berlin : 2018
ISSN
0931-0509
DOI
10.1093/NDT/GFX224
Volume/pages
33 :6 (2018) , p. 978-986
ISI
000434074300012
Pubmed ID
28992139
Full text (Publisher's DOI)
Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
UAntwerpen
Faculty/Department
Research group
Publication type
Subject
Affiliation
Publications with a UAntwerp address
External links
Web of Science
Record
Identifier
Creation 10.07.2018
Last edited 02.10.2024
To cite this reference