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Title
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Suspect and untargeted screening of bisphenol S metabolites produced by in vitro human liver metabolism
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Author
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Abstract
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| Bisphenol S (BPS) is increasingly used as substitute for bisphenol A, resulting in higher potential of human exposure to this compound. Yet, information on the human metabolism of BPS is limited. Hence, current biomonitoring studies rely only on the measurement of BPS itself, leading to a potential underestimation of assessing human exposure to this emerging contaminant. The aims of this study were to investigate the in vitro metabolic pathways of BPS using human liver microsomes and cytosol fractions and propose in vitro metabolites for evaluation in pharmacokinetics studies. Liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole time-of-flight high-resolution mass spectrometry was used for the screening, identification, and structural elucidation of Phase I and II metabolites of BPS for the first time. Metabolite identification was performed using two complementary workflows: suspect and untargeted screening. Two Phase I metabolites were formed through hydroxylation of the phenolic rings. Four Phase II metabolites were formed through conjugation with glucuronic acid or sulfate. Three of these metabolites, namely dihydroxy-BPS, hydroxy-BPS-glucuronide and hydroxy-BPS-sulfate were identified and structurally elucidated for the first time. As such, we provide an expanded set of in vitro biotransformation products of BPS, which can potentially support a reliable assessment of BPS exposure in future biomonitoring studies. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Toxicology letters. - Amsterdam
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Publication
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Amsterdam
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2018
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ISSN
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0378-4274
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Volume/pages
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295
(2018)
, p. 115-123
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ISI
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000441080400012
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Pubmed ID
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29908846
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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Faculty/Department
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Research group
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Project info
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Bisphenol A alternatives: transfer from food contact materials, fate and human exposure. Assessing population health from exposure to tobacco-specific carcinogens in Belgium using an innovative wastewater-based epidemiology approach (APOLLO). Spreading excellence and widening participation in support of mass spectrometry and related techniques in Health, the Environment, and Food Analysis (MASSTWIN).
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Publication type
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Subject
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Affiliation
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Publications with a UAntwerp address
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Identification
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Creation
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07.09.2018
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Last edited
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03.09.2021
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To cite this reference
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