Publication
Title
The impact of anthropogenically induced degradation on the vegetation and biochemistry of South African palmiet wetlands
Author
Abstract
There are many different anthropogenic causes of wetland degradation, such as disturbances which affect the physical structure of wetlands, resulting in erosion (altered fire regimes, road and railway building through wetlands, channelization of wetlands), pollution, land-cover change, and climate change. These different types of degradation have various impacts, depending on the type of wetland, soils, biochemistry and other factors. We researched a poorly-studied South African valley-bottom peatland that is dominated by the ecosystem engineer Palmiet: Prionium serratum. We ask the question: what is the impact of degradation by gully erosion, pollution and alien tree invasion on biochemistry and plant community composition of palmiet wetlands? In 39 plots from three palmiet wetlands situated approximately 200 km apart we found that channel erosion, through a loss of alluvium, has probably resulted in leached soils with lower soil organic matter and water content, less able to retain nutrients and cations. Soil leaching is a possible explanation for the groundwater of degraded wetlands having higher electrical conductivity and pH than that of pristine wetlands and a lower soil cation exchange capacity (21.3 ± 5.807.7 ± 4.91 meq/100 g). The loss of alluvium typically resulted in a completely new plant community, composed mostly of pioneer species and several alien species. The increase in base saturation (17.5 ± 8.4630.2 ± 17.85%) and soil pH (4.8 ± 0.515.1 ± 0.50) with degradation was hypothesized to be the result of liming practices. Once extremely degraded, i.e. all the alluvium is lost, it is unlikely that these sensitive palmiet wetlands will recover original vegetation communities and lost functions, except on long timescales. We recommend conservation of the few pristine wetlands that remain, and rehabilitation of those that still retain some of their original function.
Language
English
Source (journal)
Wetlands ecology and management. - Den Haag, 1989, currens
Publication
Den Haag : 2018
ISSN
0923-4861 [print]
1572-9834 [online]
DOI
10.1007/S11273-018-9638-3
Volume/pages
26 :6 (2018) , p. 1157-1171
ISI
000451386100011
Full text (Publisher's DOI)
Full text (open access)
Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
UAntwerpen
Faculty/Department
Research group
Project info
Global Ecosystem Functioning and Interactions with Global Change.
Publication type
Subject
Affiliation
Publications with a UAntwerp address
External links
Web of Science
Record
Identifier
Creation 18.12.2018
Last edited 02.10.2024
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