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Title
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Cognition and addiction
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Author
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Abstract
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| In this targeted review, we summarize current knowledge on substance-use disorder (SUD)-related cognitive deficits, the link between these deficits and clinical outcomes, and the cognitive training, remediation, and pharmacological approaches that have the potential to rescue cognition. We conclude that: (i) people with SUDs have moderate deficits in memory, attention, executive functions, and decision-making (including reward expectancy, valuation, and learning); (ii) deficits in higher-order executive functions and decision-making are significant predictors of relapse; (iii) cognitive training programs targeting reward-related appetitive biases, cognitive remediation strategies targeting goal-based decision-making, and pharmacotherapies targeting memory, attention, and impulsivity have potential to rescue SUD-related cognitive deficits. We suggest avenues for future research, including developing brief, clinically oriented harmonized cognitive testing suites to improve individualized prediction of treatment outcomes; computational modeling that can achieve deep phenotyping of cognitive subtypes likely to respond to different interventions; and phenotype-targeted cognitive, pharmacological, and combined interventions. We conclude with a tentative model of neuroscience-informed precision medicine. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Dialogues in clinical neuroscience
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Publication
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2019
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ISSN
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1294-8322
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DOI
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10.31887/DCNS.2019.21.3/GDOM
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Volume/pages
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21
:3
(2019)
, p. 281-290
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ISI
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000490909800007
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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