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Title
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The productivity gaps of female-owned firms : evidence from Ethiopian census data
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Author
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Abstract
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| This paper provides new empirical evidence on the relative productivity disadvantage of female-owned firms compared with male-owned firms in a developing country setting. We rely on a large panel of manufacturing firms based on an annual census run by the Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia. Our preferred estimation shows a 12% difference in levels of total factor productivity between female- and male-owned firms. Drawing on novel quantile approaches to formally compare productivity distributions, we also dig deeper into some of the potential mechanisms underlying this gender-based firm productivity gap. Our findings suggest that various forces are at work. Most female-owned firms seem to concentrate in certain less productive subsectors, and only very few succeed in standing out. Moreover, lower productivity of female-owned firms is shown to relate to a combination of observed firm characteristics and unobserved structural factors that varies according to a firm’s position in the overall productivity distribution. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Economic development and cultural change. - Chicago, Ill., 1952, currens
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Publication
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Chicago
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Univ chicago press
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2021
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ISSN
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0013-0079
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DOI
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10.1086/703101
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Volume/pages
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69
:2
(2021)
, p. 645-683
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ISI
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000583781900001
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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