Publication
Title
Kinetics and biotransformation products of bisphenol F and S during aerobic degradation with activated sludge
Author
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are becoming widespread in the environment despite the lack of information regarding their fate during wastewater treatment and in the environment. This study assessed the biodegradation kinetics of BPF and BPS during biological wastewater treatment with activated sludge using GC-MS/MS, and the identification of biotransformation products (BTPs) using LC-QTOF-MS. The results showed that BPF and BPS degrade readily and unlikely accumulate in biosolids or wastewater effluent (ci = 0.1 mg L−1, half-lives <4.3 days). The first-order kinetic model revealed that BPF (kt = 0.20–0.38) degraded faster than BPS (kt = 0.04–0.16) and that degradation rate decreases with an increasing initial concentration of BPS (half-lives 17.3 days). The absence of any additional organic carbon source significantly slowed down degradation, in particular, that of BPS (lag phase on day 18 instead of day 7). The machine-learning algorithm adopted as part of the non-targeted workflow identified three known BTPs and one novel BTP of BPF, and one known and ten new BTPs of BPS. The data from this study support possible new biodegradation pathways, namely sulphation, methylation, cleavage and the coupling of smaller bisphenol moieties.
Language
English
Source (journal)
Journal of hazardous materials. - Amsterdam
Publication
Amsterdam : 2021
ISSN
0304-3894
DOI
10.1016/J.JHAZMAT.2020.124079
Volume/pages
404 :Part A (2021) , 10 p.
Article Reference
124079
ISI
000598735900010
Pubmed ID
33017711
Medium
E-only publicatie
Full text (Publisher's DOI)
Full text (open access)
Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
UAntwerpen
Faculty/Department
Research group
Project info
Bisphenol A alternatives: transfer from food contact materials, fate and human exposure.
Publication type
Subject
Affiliation
Publications with a UAntwerp address
External links
Web of Science
Record
Identifier
Creation 10.11.2020
Last edited 08.12.2024
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