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Title
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Fear and depression during the COVID-19 outbreak in Cameroon : a nation-wide observational study
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Author
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Abstract
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| Background The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with significant psychological and social distress worldwide. We investigated fear and depression among adults in Cameroon during different phases of the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods An online survey was conducted in Cameroon from June-December 2020 using a structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic data and information regarding COVID-19 history were obtained. Fear and depressive symptoms were assessed using the Fear of COVID-19 score (FCV-19S) and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), respectively. Responses were clustered in weeks to better appreciate their evolution over time. Results Overall, 7381 responses from all ten regions of Cameroon were analysed (median age: 30 years, 73.3% male). The prevalence of depression (PHQ-9 score >= 10) was 8.4%, and that of high fear of COVID-19 (FCV-19S scores >= 19) was 57.4%. These rates were similar across genders, age-groups, and region of residence. While mean weekly PHQ-9 scores remained fairly stable throughout the study period (range: 2.53-3.21; p = 0.101), mean FCV-19S scores were highest during the early weeks but decreased significantly thereafter (from 20.31 to 18.34; p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses revealed that having a postgraduate degree, a history of quarantine, flu-like symptoms during the past 14 days, and higher FCV-19S scores were associated with more severe depressive symptoms, while obtaining COVID-19 information from various sources reduced the odds for depression. Conclusion Depression amidst the COVID-19 crisis is less prevalent in Cameroon than in other countries. Prompt and widespread dissemination of adequate COVID-19 information may reduce the risks for depression by dispelling fear and anxiety among Cameroonians. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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BMC psychiatry. - London
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Publication
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London
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2021
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ISSN
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1471-244X
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DOI
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10.1186/S12888-021-03323-X
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Volume/pages
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21
:1
(2021)
, 9 p.
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Article Reference
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356
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ISI
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000675259900001
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Pubmed ID
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34266400
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Medium
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E-only publicatie
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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