Long-term proton pump inhibitor usage and the association with pancreatic cancer in Sweden

Brusselaers, Nele; Sadr-Azodi, Omid; Engstrand, Lars

doi:10.1007/S00535-019-01652-Z

Title

Long-term proton pump inhibitor usage and the association with pancreatic cancer in Sweden

Author

Brusselaers, Nele

Sadr-Azodi, Omid

Engstrand, Lars

Abstract

Background The long-term safety of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is increasingly questioned. The aim of our study was to assess the risk of pancreatic cancer among long-term PPI users in Sweden. Methods This population-based nationwide Swedish cohort study including 796,492 adult long-term PPI users has been used to calculate the standardized incidence rate ratios (SIRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for pancreatic cancer, stratifying by indications of use, age, sex, and duration of use. The risk among all 20,210 long-term H2-receptor antagonist users was assessed as comparison. Results Pancreatic cancer was found in 1733 long-term PPI users, and 25 H2-receptor antagonist users. For PPI users, the risk of pancreatic cancer was increased overall (SIRs = 2.22; 95% CI 2.12-2.32) and in all subgroup analyses, with the highest risk among PPI-users younger than 40 years (SIR = 8.90, 95% CI 4.26-16.37), and among individuals with a history of Helicobacter pylori (SIR = 2.99, 95% CI 2.54-3.49). After the first year after enrolment (during which PPI use may be because of early symptoms of pancreatic cancer), the risk remained increased over time, with SIR = 1.57 (95% CI 1.38-1.76) after 5 years. No associations were found for H2-receptor antagonists (SIR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.66-1.51). Conclusions This large study showed an increased risk of pancreatic cancer in long-term users of PPIs in Sweden, in particular among the youngest users.

Language

English

Source (journal)

Journal of gastroenterology / Japanese Society of Gastroenterology. - Tokyo

Journal of Gastroenterology

Publication

Tokyo : 2020

ISSN

0944-1174

DOI

10.1007/S00535-019-01652-Z

Volume/pages