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Title
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Investigation for the action of cinnamaldehyde on the treatment of short-term and long-term consequences of gestational diabetes on albino rat and its progeny
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Author
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Abstract
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| Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most frequent health issue facing pregnant women. It is characterized by maternal glucose intolerance that first recognized during pregnancy. GDM results in aberrant placental function, severe consequences for fetal growth, and programming the biological systems of offspring to develop chronic diseases at adulthood. Following the global expansion of the diabetes epidemic, the prevalence of GDM increased to affect almost 16% of pregnancies worldwide. Current treatment strategies for GDM include lifestyle change (healthy diet and physical activity) and/or insulin injections. If those fail to sustain normoglycemia, the oral antidiabetic drugs (as glyburide, metformin or their combination) are prescribed. The use of these medications during pregnancy is still a matter of great debate due to several adverse effects, and even less is known about their impact on the long-term health of mothers and offspring, proposing further investigations. Therefore, it is desirable to find effective new alternatives. In the context of ongoing investigations for safe and effective medication for GDM, my PhD study addressed the potential therapeutic effects of cinnamaldehyde (Ci; a promising antidiabetic agent) on the short-term impact of GDM, as well as the long-term transgenerational diabetic risk of GDM on the adult offspring, in comparison to the commonly prescribed oral hypoglycemic medication for GDM; glyburide/metformin-HCl (Gly/Met), using the fat-sucrose diet/streptozotocin rat model of GDM that simulates many of the clinical characteristics of the human disease. First, I obtained a mechanistic understanding of the therapeutic effect of Ci in the management of placental vascular dysfunction caused by GDM through genome wide transcriptional study and targeted biochemical and histopathological analyses. Next, I investigated the efficacy of Ci in protecting the maternal/fetal hepatic and pancreatic tissues from the severe injuries induced by the diabetic stress. Finally, I established the importance of the early maternal treatment with Ci (during times of pregnancy and lactation) for the long-term health of the offspring: Ci increased the insulin sensitivity, improved the pancreatic β-cells functionality, protected from the liver metabolic derangements, and diminished the susceptibility to oxidative stress in the adult progeny. In contrast, Gly/Met intake achieves glycemic control, but does not prevent the impaired placental vascular performance, and does not provide sufficient hepatic redox balance at maternal, fetal and adult offspring levels. Future clinical research would provide further understanding of Ci efficacy as a promising alternative safe medicine for GDM. |
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Language
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English
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Publication
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Antwerp
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University of Antwerp & Beni-Suef University
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2021
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Volume/pages
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206 p.
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Note
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Abdel-Moneim Ahmed, Adel [Supervisor]
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Beemster, Gerrit T.S. [Supervisor]
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Abd El-Twab, Sanaa M. [Supervisor]
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Abdul-Hamid, Manal [Supervisor]
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Full text (open access)
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