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Title
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Enhanced Cd phytoextraction by rapeseed under future climate as a consequence of higher sensitivity of HMA genes and better photosynthetic performance
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Author
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Abstract
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| This study aimed to investigate the underlying physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms responsible for Brassica napu's potential to remediate Cd-contaminated soil under current (CC) vs. future (FC) climate (400 vs. 800 ppm of CO2, 21/14 degrees C vs. 25/18 degrees C). B. napus exhibited good tolerance to low Cd treatments (Cd-1, Cd-10, i.e., 1, 10 mg kg(-1)) under both climates without visible phytotoxicity symptoms. TI sharply decreased by 47 % and 68 % (p < 0.05), respectively, in Cd-50 and Cd-100 treated shoots under CC, but to a lesser extent (-26 % and -53 %, p < 0.05) under FC. This agreed with increased photosynthetic apparatus performance under FC, primarily due to a significant decrease in the closure of active PSII RCs ((dV/dt)o, TRo/RC) and less dissipated excitation energy (DIo/RC, phi Do). Calvin Benson cycle-related enzyme activity also improved under FC with 2.2-fold and 2.4-fold (p < 0.05) increases in Rubisco and TPI under Cd-50 and Cd-100, respectively. Consequentially, a 2.2-fold and 2.3-fold (p < 0.05) boosted P-r resulted in a 2.3-fold and 2.4-fold (p < 0.05) increase in the DW of Cd-50 and Cd-100 treated shoots, respectively. This also led to a decrease (26 %, p < 0.05) in shoot Cd concentration under both high Cd treatments with a slight reduction in BCF. Translocation factor (TF) decreased (on average 42 %, p < 0.05) by high Cd treatments under both climates. However, under Cd-100, FC increased TF by 1.7-fold (p < 0.05) compared to CC, which could be explained by significant increases in the expression of HMA genes, especially BnaHMA4a and BnaHMA4c. Finally, Cd TU increased under FC by 65 % and 76 % (p < 0.05) under Cd-50 and Cd-100. This led to a shorter hypothetical remediation time for reaching the Cd pollution limit by 35 (p > 0.05) and 61 (p < 0.05) years, respectively, compared to CC. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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The science of the total environment. - Amsterdam, 1972, currens
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Publication
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Amsterdam
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2024
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ISSN
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0048-9697
[print]
1879-1026
[online]
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DOI
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10.1016/J.SCITOTENV.2023.168164
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Volume/pages
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908
(2024)
, p. 1-17
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Article Reference
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168164
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ISI
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001110453700001
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Pubmed ID
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37914112
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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