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Title
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Diagnosing arthropod-borne flaviviruses : non-structural protein 1 (NS1) as a biomarker
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Author
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Abstract
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| In recent decades, the presence of flaviviruses of concern for human health in Europe has drastically increased,exacerbated by the effects of climate change – which has allowed the vectors of these viruses to expand into new territories. Co-circulation of West Nile virus (WNV), Usutu virus (USUV), and tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) represents a threat to the European continent, and this is further complicated by the difficulty of obtaining an early and discriminating diagnosis of infection. Moreover, the possibility of introducing non-endemic pathogens, such as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), further complicates accurate diagnosis. Current flavivirus diagnosis is based mainly on RT-PCR and detection of virus-specific antibodies. Yet, both techniques suffer from limitations, and the development of new assays that can provide an early, rapid, low-cost, and discriminating diagnosis of viral infection is warranted. In the pursuit of ideal diagnostic assays, flavivirus non-structural protein 1 (NS1) serves as an excellent target for developing diagnostic assays based on both the antigen itself and the antibodies produced against it. This review describes the potential of such NS1-based diagnostic methods, focusing on the application of flaviviruses that co-circulate in Europe. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Trends in microbiology. - Cambridge
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Publication
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Cambridge
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2024
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ISSN
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0966-842X
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DOI
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10.1016/J.TIM.2023.11.016
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Volume/pages
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32
:7
(2024)
, p. 678-696
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ISI
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001264422400001
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Pubmed ID
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38135616
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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Full text (open access)
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Full text (publisher's version - intranet only)
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