Title
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Behaviour of damselfly larvae (**Enallagma cyathigerum**) (Insecta, Odonata) after long-term exposure to PFOS
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Author
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Abstract
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Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) is a persistent and ubiquitous environmental contaminant that has been detected in organisms worldwide. Here, we evaluate whether long-term (1 and 4 months) exposure to PFOS contamination affects the behavioural performance of freshwater larvae of the damselfly Enallagma cyathigerum (Insecta: Odonata). Our results show reduced behavioural performance with increasing PFOS concentration. In 1 month exposed larvae, no observed effect concentrations (NOECs) were 100 ìg/L for general activity. In 4 months exposed larvae, NOECs were 10 ìg/L, for each behavioural trait, except swimming acceleration of male larvae where the NOEC was 100 ìg/L. When faced with PFOS concentrations above the NOEC, E. cyathigerum larvae were less active, less capable to escape a simulated predator attack and less efficient in foraging. Together, our results show that damselfly larvae suffer reduced survival-related behavioural performance. Long-term laboratory exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonic acid decreases behavioural performance of damselfly larvae (Insecta: Odonata). |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Environmental pollution. - London, 1987, currens
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Publication
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London
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2009
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ISSN
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0269-7491
[print]
1873-6424
[online]
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DOI
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10.1016/J.ENVPOL.2008.11.031
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Volume/pages
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157
:4
(2009)
, p. 1332-1336
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ISI
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000264782700036
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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