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Title
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Differences in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning among children with ADHD predominantly inattentive and combined types
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Author
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Abstract
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| Some evidence suggests that the HPA axis may be dysfunctional in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether a different pattern of HPA axis activity is found between the inattentive (I) and combined (C) subtypes of ADHD, in comparison with healthy control children. A total of 100 prepubertal subjects [52 children with ADHD combined type (ADHD-C), 23 children with ADHD predominantly inattentive type (ADHD-I), and 25 healthy control subjects] were studied. The effects of stress were studied by comparing cortisol responses to a psychosocial stressor, consisting of a public speaking task. Children with ADHD-I showed an elevated cortisol response to the psychosocial stressor, in contrast to children with ADHD-C who showed a blunted cortisol response to the psychosocial stressor. When a distinction was made between responders and non-responders (a subject was classified as a responder when there was an increase in cortisol reactivity), hyperactivity symptoms were clearly related to a lower cortisol reactivity to stress. The results indicate that a low-cortisol responsivity to stress may be a neurobiological marker for children with ADHD-C, but not for those with ADHD-I. Directions for future research and clinical implications are discussed. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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European child and adolescent psychiatry. - Dordrecht, 1992, currens
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Publication
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Dordrecht
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2009
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ISSN
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1018-8827
[print]
1435-165X
[online]
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DOI
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10.1007/S00787-009-0011-1
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Volume/pages
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18
:9
(2009)
, p. 543-553
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ISI
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000268728000003
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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