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Title
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Hyperglycaemic clamp test for diabetes risk assessment in IA-2-antibody-positive relatives of type 1 diabetic patients
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Author
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Abstract
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| Aims/hypothesis The aim of the study was to investigate the use of hyperglycaemic clamp tests to identify individuals who will develop diabetes among insulinoma-associated protein-2 antibody (IA-2A)-positive first-degree relatives (IA-2A+ FDRs) of type 1 diabetic patients. Methods Hyperglycaemic clamps were performed in 17 non-diabetic IA-2A+ FDRs aged 14 to 33 years and in 21 matched healthy volunteers (HVs). Insulin and C-peptide responses were measured during the first (510 min) and second (120150 min) release phase, and after glucagon injection (150160 min). Clamp-induced C-peptide release was compared with C-peptide release during OGTT. Results Seven (41%) FDRs developed diabetes 363 months after their initial clamp test. In all phases they had lower C-peptide responses than non-progressors (p < 0.05) and HVs (p < 0.002). All five FDRs with low first-phase release also had low second-phase release and developed diabetes 321 months later. Two of seven FDRs with normal first-phase but low second-phase release developed diabetes after 34 and 63 months, respectively. None of the five FDRs with normal C-peptide responses in all test phases has developed diabetes so far (follow-up 56 to 99 months). OGTT-induced C-peptide release also tended to be lower in progressors than in non-progressors or HVs, but there was less overlap in results between progressors and the other groups using the clamp. Conclusions/interpretation Clamp-derived functional variables stratify risk of diabetes in IA-2A+ FDRs and may more consistently identify progressors than OGTT-derived variables. A low first-phase C-peptide response specifically predicts impending diabetes while a low second-phase response may reflect an earlier disease stage. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Diabetologia / European Association for the Study of Diabetes. - Berlin, 1965, currens
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Publication
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Berlin
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2010
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ISSN
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0012-186X
[print]
1432-0428
[online]
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Volume/pages
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53
:1
(2010)
, p. 36-44
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ISI
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000272530600006
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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