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Title
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Human-like external function of the foot, and fully upright gait, confirmed in the 3.66 million year old Laetoli hominin footprints by topographic statistics, experimental footprint-formation and computer simulation
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Author
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Abstract
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| It is commonly held that the major functional features of the human foot (e. g. a functional longitudinal medial arch, lateral to medial force transfer and hallucal (big-toe) push-off) appear only in the last 2 Myr, but functional interpretations of footbones and footprints of early human ancestors (hominins) prior to 2 million years ago (Mya) remain contradictory. Pixel-wise topographical statistical analysis of Laetoli footprint morphology, compared with results from experimental studies of footprint formation; foot-pressure measurements in bipedalism of humans and non-human great apes; and computer simulation techniques, indicate that most of these functional features were already present, albeit less strongly expressed than in ourselves, in the maker of the Laetoli G-1 footprint trail, 3.66 Mya. This finding provides strong support to those previous studies which have interpreted the G-1 prints as generally modern in aspect. |
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Language
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English
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Source (journal)
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Journal of the Royal Society interface: physical and life sciences. - London
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Publication
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London
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2012
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ISSN
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1742-5689
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DOI
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10.1098/RSIF.2011.0258
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Volume/pages
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9
:69
(2012)
, p. 707-719
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ISI
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000300726700011
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Full text (Publisher's DOI)
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