|
Title
|
|
|
|
Active specific immunotherapy targeting the Wilms' tumor protein 1 (WT1) for patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors : lessons from early clinical trials
|
|
|
Author
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract
|
|
|
|
| There is a growing body of evidence that Wilms' tumor protein 1 (WT1) is a promising tumor antigen for the development of a novel class of universal cancer vaccines. Recently, in a National Cancer Institute prioritization project, WT1 was ranked first in a list of 75 cancer antigens. In this light, we exhaustively reviewed all published cancer vaccine trials reporting on WT1-targeted active specific immunotherapy in patients with hematological malignancies and solid tumors. In all clinical trials, vaccine-induced immunological responses could be detected. Importantly, objective clinical responses (including stable disease) were observed in 46% and 64% of evaluable vaccinated patients with solid tumors and hematological malignancies, respectively. Immunogenicity of WT1-based cancer vaccines was demonstrated by the detection of a specific immunological response in 35% and 68% of evaluable patients with solid tumors and hematological malignancies, respectively. In order to become part of the armamentarium of the modern oncologist, it will be important to design WT1-based immunotherapies applicable to a large patient population, to standardize vaccination protocols enabling systematic review, and to further optimize the immunostimulatory capacity of the vaccine components. Moreover, improved immunomonitoring tools that reveal clinically relevant T-cell responses will further shape the ideal WT1 immunotherapy strategy. In conclusion, the clinical results obtained so far in WT1-targeted cancer vaccine trials reveal an untapped potential for inducing cancer immunity with minimal side effects and hold promise for a new adjuvant treatment against residual disease and against cancer relapse. The Oncologist 2012;17:250-259 |
|
|
|
Language
|
|
|
|
English
|
|
|
Source (journal)
|
|
|
|
The oncologist. - Place of publication unknown
|
|
|
Publication
|
|
|
|
Place of publication unknown
:
2012
|
|
|
ISSN
|
|
|
|
1083-7159
[print]
1549-490X
[online]
|
|
|
DOI
|
|
|
|
10.1634/THEONCOLOGIST.2011-0240
|
|
|
Volume/pages
|
|
|
|
17
:2
(2012)
, p. 250-259
|
|
|
ISI
|
|
|
|
000300730200017
|
|
|
Full text (Publisher's DOI)
|
|
|
|
|
|