Clinical, molecular, and genotypephenotype correlation studies from 25 cases of oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 : a French and Belgian collaborative study

Thauvin-Robinet, C.; Cossée, M.; Cormier-Daire, V.; Mortier, G.; et al.

doi:10.1136/JMG.2004.027672

Title

Clinical, molecular, and genotypephenotype correlation studies from 25 cases of oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 : a French and Belgian collaborative study

Author

Thauvin-Robinet, C.

Cossée, M.

Cormier-Daire, V.

Mortier, G.

et al.

Abstract

Oralfacialdigital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) is characterised by an X linked dominant mode of inheritance with lethality in males. Clinical features include facial dysmorphism with oral, tooth, and distal abnormalities, polycystic kidney disease, and central nervous system malformations. Large interfamilial and intrafamilial clinical variability has been widely reported, and 18 distinct mutations have been previously reported within OFD1. A French and Belgian collaborative study collected 25 cases from 16 families. OFD1 was analysed using direct sequencing and phenotypegenotype correlation was performed using χ2 test. X inactivation studies were performed on blood lymphocytes. In 11 families, 11 novel mutations, including nine frameshift, one nonsense, and one missense mutation were identified, which spanned nine different exons. A combination of our results with previously reported cases showed that the majority of mutations (65.5%) was located in exons 3, 8, 9, 13, and 16. There was phenotypegenotype correlation between (a) polycystic kidney disease and splice mutations; (b) mental retardation and mutations located in exons 3, 8, 9, 13, and 16; and (c) tooth abnormalities and mutations located in coiled coil domains. Comparing the phenotype of the families with a pathogenic mutation to families with absence of OFD1 mutation, polycystic kidneys and short stature were significantly more frequent in the group with no OFD1 mutation, whereas lingual hamartomas were significantly more frequent in the group with OFD1 mutation. Finally, an X inactivation study showed non-random X inactivation in a third of the samples. Differential X inactivation between mothers and daughters in two families with high intrafamilial variability was of particular interest. Slight phenotypegenotype correlations were established, and X inactivation study showed that skewed X inactivation could be partially involved in the pathogenesis of intrafamilial clinical variability.

Language

English

Source (journal)

Journal of medical genetics. - London, 1964, currens

Publication

London : British Medical Association , 2006

ISSN

0022-2593 [Print]

1468-6244 [Online]

DOI

10.1136/JMG.2004.027672

Volume/pages