Publication
Title
Inadequate response to treatment in coronary heart disease : adverse effects of type D personality and younger age on 5-year prognosis and quality of life
Author
Abstract
Background-Improvement in treatment of patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) has caused longer survival but also an increase in the number of patients at risk for subsequent cardiac events and impaired quality of life (QOL). We hypothesized that chronic emotional distress confers an increased risk of poor outcome despite appropriate treatment. Methods and Results -This prospective study examined the 5-year prognosis of 319 patients with CHD. Baseline assessment included symptoms of depression/anxiety and distressed personality type (type D-ie, high negative affectivity and social inhibition). The main end points were cardiac death or nonfatal myocardial infarction and impaired QOL. There were 22 cardiac events (16 nonfatal): they were related to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) less than or equal to 50%, poor exercise tolerance, age less than or equal to 55 years, symptoms of depression, and type D personality. Multivariate analysis yielded LVEF less than or equal to 50% (OR, 3.9; P=0.009), type D personality (OR, 8.9; P=0.0001), and age less than or equal to 55 years (OR, 2.6; P=0.05) as independent predictors of cardiac events. Convergence of these risk factors predicted the absence of the expected therapeutic response that was observed in 10% of the patients. When 2 or 3 risk factors occurred together, the rate of poor outcome was 4-fold higher (P=0.0001). Estimates of medical costs increased progressively with an increasing number of risk factors. Smoking, symptoms of depression, and type D personality were independent predictors of impaired QOL. Conclusions-Decreased LVEF, type D personality, and younger age increase the risk of cardiac events; convergence of these factors predicts nonresponse to treatment. Emotionally stressed and younger patients with CHD represent high-risk groups deserving of special study.
Language
English
Source (journal)
Circulation / American Heart Association. - New York, N.Y.
Publication
New York, N.Y. : 2000
ISSN
0009-7322
DOI
10.1161/01.CIR.102.6.630
Volume/pages
102 :6 (2000) , p. 630-635
ISI
000088638400015
Full text (Publisher's DOI)
UAntwerpen
Faculty/Department
Research group
Publication type
Subject
Affiliation
Publications with a UAntwerp address
External links
Web of Science
Record
Identifier
Creation 12.07.2012
Last edited 04.03.2024
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